In Memoriam:
Franz Clouth (1838 - 1910)
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Old Clouth firm Logo
Altreifen
Balloon Gondola
Cöln Beginning of 20 Century.
Franz Clouth
Bronze F. Clouth Bust
Clouth Book Nr.1
Diving Helmet Clouth
Clouth-Wappen 1923
Clouth Balloon XI
Rechtsanwalt J.P. Clouth
Ehefrau Audrey Clouth
Bryan, Oliver, Phillip Clouth
Max Clouth
Clouth Balloon Sirius
Kautschuk Golfball
Clouth Factory Front
Younger Franz Clouth
Eugen Clouth
Clouth Factory
Air Ship Advert
Clouth Money
Old Clouth Crest
Car tyres
Old Car
OLd Daimler
Excavator with conveyor belt
Clouth VIII Balloon
Wilhelm Clouth
Katharina Clouth
Caoutchouc Golfball
Draft of Clouth Memorial
Old Catholic Church Köln
Cable Tower
Clouth IX
Ticket for Clouth IX Drive
Clouth IX
Clouth Buch 2.Edition
old Franz Clouth
Balloon Gondola
Butzweilerhof Airport
Caoutchouc-Tree
Caoutchouc Sheets
Caoutchouc-Copy Mashine
Water-Regulator
old Land & See Logo
Land & See New logo
Franz Clouth
Richard Clouth
Industrieverein Altlogo
Conveyor Belt Hall
Gate 2 to Clouth Works
Atlantic Cable
von Podbielski Cable Layer Sound Silencer "Clouth Ei"(Egg)
Printery Wilhelm Clouth
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Illustrated aeronautical communications: e.g. Year 1901 as digital full text One of the first journals, which at the time was at the scientific and academic level concerned with the development of aviation and aeronautics, was the "Illustrated Communication", which was published in 1901 as a German magazine for air navigation under the heading "Fachzeitschrift für allen Interessen Of flight technology with its auxiliary sciences for aeronautical industry and enterprises ". Pennula offers here the full year 1901 as digital full text; However, due to the conversion with the optical character recognition (OCR), format and spelling mistakes have occurred, which, however, should be a negligible error for altogether more than 20,000 single pages of all grades. The other grades, which are digitally available, can be selected in this overview. Just in German Language
One of the first
journals, which at the time was concerned with the development of
aeronautics and aeronautics at the scientific and academic level, was the "Illustrated
Communication of the Oberrheinische Verein für Luftschiffahrt", published in
1897 for the first time. You can download the full 1897 vintage as a PDF
document with 70 pages directly. The image resolution is 300 dpi and is
suitable for reproductions. This is probably the reason why Clouth was already active in the electrotechnical sector and officially. Thus, he had already been included in the international list of electrical engineers at the time, and is still contained in it today. The employment with the electrical engineering was actually at that time for every manufacturer, since water, water vapor, steam engines, electricity, invention of the light bulb, use of these devices in the company area, belonged to the subjects which allowed an upturn of the company and ultimately existence for Every entrepreneur. This was also the case with Franz Clouth , He was inevitably an electrical engineer In addition to the purely company-related reasons, such as the creation of the entire lighting in the company area (see picture), the supply of the first machines operated with electricity also resulted in an electricity problem within the framework of the operation of the Zeppeline Year of 1900, after problems had become increasingly problematic, especially in military operations of balloons. Where the problem lay, a part of the records makes clear to this extent: "For a long time it has been recognized how important it is to the electrical conditions of our atmosphere to make electrical measurements in the balloon. It has been concluded that measurements on mountain stations, occasional or even regular, comprehensive determinations of the electrical state of tension in the air at various points on the earth's surface are not sufficient to give us a clear idea of the distribution of the electric charges in the atmosphere . A knowledge, which we must necessarily have at our disposal if we wish to yield to the causes of the tensions which are present at any time, which sometimes occasionally compensate themselves in such a tremendous manner during the thunderstorm. A greater number of travelers had, therefore, the study of electrical states in the open air space as a special goal; I mention only those of Professor Lecher from the Austrian journeys, and the eight journeys which Dr. Tuma inactive; The German ones by Professor Börnstein, and the recent journeys of the German Association for the Promotion of Air Navigation in Berlin, in which air-electric measurements were included in the scientific program; From the French journeys those of Le Gadet based on their results Liebenow's new theory of atmospheric electricity. In all these measurements, the changes of the electrical potential with the height were chosen as the object of the investigation after the operation of Franz Exner, in which the voltage state in the free air space was sampled at different heights with two different probes placed on an elecroscope. The theory shows that from the changes of the different potential drops measured in this way, a conclusion can be drawn about the free electric charges actually present in the atmosphere with a certain degree of certainty. The determination of these charges, their sign, as well as their approximate density and their distribution in the airspace, must be regarded as the actual goal of the polar measurements. It is only when we are fully aware of these states of charge that we can tackle the further question of how these charges are generated, and the way in which they have penetrated into the individual air strata, a question which is still far apart go.
Our views on atmospheric electricity have now, in the course of the past year, been brought to a new stage by a discovery which we owe to Professors Elster and Geilel in Wolfenbüttel, who have been dealing with the relevant questions for many years. The investigators mentioned have succeeded in producing the probably scarcely doubtful proof that the atmosphere constantly contains a certain quantity of minute particles which carry certain charges with them; These can not be identical with dust particles, nor with water vapor blowers, nor with other known material carriers in the air: they are rather to be compared with those of the smallest charged particles, which had to be presupposed in electrolysis. Such particles had also been found in the flames, in the cathode rays, and in gases, when X-rays or the most recently discussed uranium rays were penetrated by X-rays. These particles are called ions, and the detection of free electrons in the atmosphere by Elster and Geitel leads to a series of highly interesting new problems, for which no physical aid promises more important services than the Freiballon. " For the salesman of balloons for military and civilian deployments of warfare and zeppelins, this was, of course, a central problem, which had to be solved in order to be able to rule out any liability with regard to an allegedly faulty product, or by appropriating specialist knowledge about the solution of the Problem-related technical facilities that could solve the known problem. All this in turn made it necessary to deal with electrical engineering, a problem that has already been a problem for many entrepreneurs with new fashionable products. Franz Clouth was undoubtedly one of the best-known entrepreneurs in the European sector. Manufacture of all world products dealing with rubber and gutta-percha, an important contemporary for the covering of balloons and zeppelins and the producer of the corresponding construction fabrics. At an early stage, he had contact with England in the course of his professional business as a buyer and was absolutely dependent on electrical engineering and steam engine technology as well as their understanding of the background in his company development. A major contemporary in England, Lord William Armstrong in Newcastle England, was also the construction of huge ships, especially war ships, harbor and ship cranes, electrical engineers, due to the construction of his huge operations in Newcastle for the creation of weapons, similar to Krupp in Germany and was in direct contact with the Scottish Swan, the actual inventor of the light bulb, who was then the first electrician to compete with Edison. At that time, the world was still very small among these leading figures. There were few who were active in the field of electrical engineering, as entrepreneurs they were active in many business associations, saw themselves at conferences and trade fairs. Lord Armstrong's house, CRAGSIDE near Rothbury, near Newcastle, was the first European house with electric light bulbs from Swan. This was, of course, a question of the entrepreneurs meeting and promoted the direct contact at least for events. Armstrong, on the other hand, needed rubber and gutta-percha products with his company products. In addition, the Armstrong, also active in the shipbuilding industry, was certainly a point of interest of Franz Clouth in the cable laying through the Atlantic to America due to its cable installation, later "Land & See", on cable laying projects intercontinental Self - employed. So Lord Armstrong and Franz Clouth must definitely known each other
First alpine crossing of a fetlock balloon by Cliff's "Sirius" fat balloon
Baptism of Clouth VIII
Oil painting as price award for flight competition in Delmenhorst
Serius, first balloon, crossing the Alpes
filling gas
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